Electrophoresis separates proteins based on their physical properties, and the subsets of these proteins are used in interpreting the. The role of serum protein electrophoresis in the detection of. The subsets of these proteins and their relative quantity are the primary focus of the interpretation of serum protein electrophoresis. Understanding and interpreting serum protein electrophoresis csv. Pdf automated serum protein electrophoresis by capillarys. The serum protein electrophoresis procedure is intended for the separation and quantitation of serum proteins using cellulose acetate electrophoresis.
Serum protein electrophoresis is an inexpensive, easytoperform screening procedure for initial identification of monoclonal bands. Albumin, the major protein component of serum, is produced by the liver under normal physiologic conditions. The net charge positive or negative and the size and shape of the protein commonly are used in differentiating various serum proteins. The subsets of these proteins and their relative quantity are serum protein electrophoresis is used to identify patients with multiple myeloma and other serum protein disorders. Protein electrophoresis cannot be ordered a second time within a 2 week window in laboratory information system lis processing instructions laboratory, outpatient or offsite collection processed specimen. M is a neoplasm of b cell lineage characterized by excessive proliferation of abnormal plasma cells, secreting abnormal immunoglobulin causing monoclonal gammopathy which can be detected by the presence of m. Serum protein electrophoresis is widely used in clinical laboratories, especially for the detection and identification of paraproteins. A comparison of the use of thinlayer agarose gel and cellulose acetate. Serum protein electrophoresis is a laboratory examination that commonly is used to identify patients with multiple myeloma and other disorders of serum protein. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Following separation, the fractions are stained and their density is measured using a.
Monoclonal gammopathies clinical and laboratory issues. Protein electrophoresis, serum laboratory test directory. Serum protein electrophoresis is used in clinical practice to identify patients with multiple myeloma and other serum protein disorders. Separation of mixtures of peptides and amino acids by highvoltage electrophoresis references 3. Routine serum protein electrophoresis may help the clinician to identify certain categories of disease, some of which will be alimentary in nature. Protein electrophoresis can also be performed on urine. Serum protein electrophoresis is a lab oratory examination that commonly is used to identify patients with mul tiple myeloma and other. Aes application focus gel electrophoresis of proteins page 3 protein electrophoresis.
The separated proteins are fixed and stained serum protein electrophoresis on agarose gel is a type of horizontal gel. Dec 01, 2010 serum protein electrophoresis spe 1 is the hub of laboratory testing for monoclonal gammopathies and is a component of almost all diagnostic panels. Understanding and interpreting serum protein electrophoresis. The total serum protein test measures all the proteins in your blood. The protein electrophoresis test is often used to find abnormal substances called m proteins.
Serum protein electrophoresis what you need to know. Globulins comprise a much smaller fraction of the total serum protein content. Apr 30, 2010 this video describes the basics related to the serum protein mini gel electrophoresis. It is a revision of two previous books on this subject with several substantive and many trivial changes. It is an inexpensive and easytoperform screening procedure. Protein electrophoresis with interpretation, serum. Serum protein electrophoresis in healthy and injured. Serum protein electrophoresis in galgos request pdf. However, agarose gels are not used much in protein work and they are not discussed in this section.
Serum protein electrophoresis procedure helena laboratories. Onedimensional protein electrophoresis separates the proteins in serum or urine into their main classes albu min and alpha, beta and gamma globulins on. Serum protein electrophoresis an overview sciencedirect. This text presents the use of protein electrophoresis of serum, urine, and cerebrospinal. Hemoglobin is the protein inside red blood cells responsible. Definitions electrophoresis is a method of separating proteins based on their physical properties. General conclusions from present knowledge of primary protein structure ii. Two major types of proteins can be identified with. Serum protein electrophoresis is an electrophoretic method of separating proteins present in the serum to various fractions based on their molecular weight and. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The presence of m proteins can be a sign of a type.
Serum protein electrophoresis elektro foreesis or spep is a blood test. Automated serum protein electrophoresis by capillarys. Platelets small substances in your blood that help the blood to form a thickened. Whereas serum and urine protein electrophoresis spep, upep, immunofixation electrophoresis ife and nephelometric or turbidimetric measurement of serum immunoglobulins remain the gold standard laboratory techniques for monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies, new tests such as serum free light chains flc have an increasingly important. The most common indications for a serum protein electrophoresis test are to diagnose or monitor multiple myeloma, a monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance mgus, or further investigate a discrepancy between a low albumin and a relatively high total protein. Jul 08, 20 serum protein electrophoresis on agarose gel principle. Serum is placed on a specific medium, and a charge is applied. Serum protein electrophoresis spe is a laboratory technique used to separate serum proteins by size and electrical charge, allowing the identification and quantification of protein fractions abate and others 2000, willard and tvedten 2004, stockholm and scott 2008, ceron and others 2010.
Serum protein electrophoresis spep or spe is a laboratory test that examines specific proteins in the blood called globulins. Electrophoresis is a technique used to separate different elements fractions of a blood sample into individual components. Nomenclature and identification of the normal human serum proteins i. Serum protein electrophoresis on agarose gel principle. Agarose is used in some applications such as for the separation of proteins larger than about 500 kda and for immunoelectrophoresis 6, 12. The serum protein electrophoresis procedure is intended for the separation and quantitation of serum proteins using cellu lose acetate electrophoresis. In the evaluation of multiple myeloma mm, 12% of patients will not be detected by spep. Abnormal serum protein electrophoresis pattern in a patient with multiple myeloma.
Serum protein electrophoresis spep is a screening test that measures the major blood proteins by separating them into five distinct fractions. Serum free light chain sflc measurements have recently come into use as an aid for diagnosing monoclonal gammopathy. Serum protein electrophoresis spep michigan medicine. Protein electrophoresis is a test that measures specific proteins in the blood. Summary serum contains over one hundred individual proteins, each with a specific set of functions and subject to specific variation in concentration under different pathologic conditions.
M is a neoplasm of b cell lineage characterized by excessive proliferation of abnormal plasma cells, secreting abnormal immunoglobulin causing monoclonal gammopathy which can be detected by the presence of m protein in serum and urine electrophoresis. Making sense of serum protein bands serum protein bands monoclonal gammopathy will sometimes be found following serum protein electrophoresis in patients presenting with classic signs or symptoms of multiple myeloma, e. Serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation by a. Immunofixation, immunosubtraction, and immunoselection techniques. In other cases, patients may have nonspecific symptoms, meaning the discovery is. The role of serum protein electrophoresis in the detection. We evaluated sflc measurements in combination with serum protein electrophoresis spe and clinical information for diagnosing multiple myeloma mm in a hospital population. Serum protein electrophoresis spe 1 is the hub of laboratory testing for monoclonal gammopathies and is a component of almost all diagnostic panels.
So when the serum protein electrophoresis spep test shows a spike in m protein, this is a sign of mm. A small amount of your blood is put on a special plate. This video describes the basics related to the serum protein mini gel electrophoresis. Methods for determining the primary structure of proteins iii. Labcorp test details for protein electrophoresis with interpretation, serum.
Electrophoresis separates proteins based on their physical properties, and the. Normally very little protein is found in urine, but certain diseases such as multiple myeloma cause large amounts of protein to leak into the urine. Serum protein electrophoresis spep is a laboratory technique thats used to determine the level of some types of proteins in a blood sample. The title has been changed from highresolution electrophoresis and immuno. Protein electrophoresis, serum, ife if indicated laboratory. Reference intervals for total serum protein and agarose gel electrophoretic albumin and globulin fractions were generated using serum samples. Understanding and interpreting the serum protein electrophoresis. Traditional clinical electrophoretic procedures are manual methods that use agarose gels or cellulose acetate membranes as the separation bed.
If a discrete electrophoresis band is identified, the laboratory will evaluate the serum protein electrophoresis and may suggest immunofixation as an additional test at an additional. Serum protein electrophoresis in 147 dogs veterinary record. Platelets small substances in your blood that help the blood to form a thickened mass or blood clot to help stop bleeding. The test separates proteins in the blood based on their electrical charge. A hemoglobin electrophoresis test is a blood test used to measure and identify the different types of hemoglobin in your bloodstream. Agarose gel electrophoresis separates equine serum proteins into four fundamental bands, characterized in order of their electrophoretic mobility. Electrophoresis on protein in urine may also be done, especially if the results of the serum protein electrophoresis test are abnormal. The test measures the amount of albumin albewmin and globulins glahbewlins in your blood. Quantitation of serum free light chains in combination. Serum protein electrophoresis is used to identify patients with multiple myeloma and other serum protein disorders. The sensitivity of spe as a screening test, however, is dependent on how spe abnormalities are defined. Specificity of serum and urine protein electrophoresis for. Discrete, quantifiable electrophoretic bands mspikes are almost always. Serum protein electrophoresis and its clinical applications.